Models

Inventory models are tools used to monitor progress towards emission targets, for example targets set in international agreements such as the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) convention and the UN Paris Agreement on climate change. Moreover, inventory models coupled with economic models estimate the impact of future policies and produce cost benefits analyses.

Emission factors are the core of any transport inventory model. Therefore, accurate emission factors are indispensable for building reliable transport emission inventories.

Emission factors are determined by averaging a large set of measurements undertaken in each vehicle category. These are then used in vehicle simulation models to extend the information contained in the measurements.

The models overseen by the ERMES group are based on a common set of measurements to produce consistent emission factors and emissions estimates. The ERMES emission factors are fed into most widely used European inventory models.

Collaborations on the use of other models are also in place.